CMV retinitis is the retina inflammation caused by cytomegalovirus.
CMV stands for a herpes-type virus named cytomegalovirus whereas retinitis stands for the inflammation of the retina.
CMV is a very common virus and generally people already have antibodies to it in their blood. So, it doesn't harm the system.
But ocassionally, when immunity has been lowered due to any reason, say AIDS or something else like chemotherapy or the intake of immunosuppressive drugs for bone marrow or organ transplants, the CMV infection may result in contracting CMV retinitis.
Antibodies
Credit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
CMV retinitis, if left untreated, very fast moves toward turning the eye blind.
CMV Retinitis
Credit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
And not only that, the infection in one eye causes infection in the other too!
Hence, both the eyes are involved.
Fundus Photograph - CMV Retinitis
Credit: National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health
What more, even the best of the treatment fails at times for two reasons:
The virus has developed a resistance to the drugs being administered.
Immunity has dropped further, and at times beyond repair!
Quite often, CMV retinitis causes retinal detachment as well!
And the worst of all, the infection may even spread to the whole body causing added trouble to the problem!
AIDS patients fall an easy prey to CMV retinitis.
Fundus Photograph - CMV Retinitis
The diagnosis of CMV retinitis is done through:
Blood or Urine Culture: the virus is grown in the culture-sample which takes a long time of 3 weeks to show results!
CMV PCR: is a blood test detecting CMV in the blood.
CMV Antigenemia Test: detects the presence of viral particles on the surface of white blood cells.
CMV Serology: detects CMV antibodies in the blood.
Tissue biopsy: a biopsy of the tissue from the infected organ is cultured to check if it grows the virus.
Fundus Photograph - CMV Retinitis
Prognosis is limited to preventing the progression of the disease simply because antiviral medications stop the replication of the virus but are not able to destroy it.
Treament is done with intravenous ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir.
But the side effects are there!
Ganciclovir depletes white blood cells whereas foscarnet and cidofovir tend to damage the kidney.
Hence, oral doses of vanganciclovir are preferred if the infection is not very serious, or has come under control.
Fundus Photograph - CMV Retinitis
Intravitreal implants as small capsules of ganciclovir and foscarnet are also surgically inserted into the eye in order to deliver a higher dosage of medication if so required. These implants must be supplemented with oral anti-CMV agents.
Fomivirsen can also be injected directly into the eye.
Fundus Photograph - CMV Retinitis
CMV infection catches only those whose immune system has gone weak due to any reason whatsoever.
So the best care is taken when the immune system, in general, is taken care of.
The best way to fight against the forces of nature trying to weaken your immune system is opening your third eye chakra and thus equipping your body with the energy that always keeps the immune system fully relaxed and alert warding off any infection whatsoever!
Vision therapy does exactly that in order to be able to live amidst the hostile forces of nature in a fearless way!
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