Cornea

The Window of The Eye

The cornea acts like a window opening into and out of the eye.

Agreed, it is a clear window, but it's not a simple plain one!

It refracts light and refracts it more than any other part of the eye.

Although it doesn't have blood vessels in it, imparting it its clear and shiny surface; yet it has a lot and lot of nerve endings turning it to be extremely sensitive an organ.

I thought there was something structurally wrong with my eye anatomy or some parts of the eye - like the shape of the cornea or/and the length of the eyeball - when I couldn't see clear at a distance because of my myopia.

Ophthalmology also said the same.

Then my myopia disappeared like magic, but the cornea and the rest of the anatomy of my eye remained the same.

Obviously!

What was it that changed then?

Physiology?

What else could it be?

I must know something about the eye anatomy first, especially about the cornea; I thought!

It is very thin, say only 0.5 millimeter in thickness, but even this thinness is composed of 5 much thinner layers in it:

• Epithelium: is the layer of cells covering the outer surface of the cornea.

  It is 5-6 layers thick, and highly regenerative.

  Any injury limited to this much thickness is treated immediately leaving no scar behind.

  But if the injury has gone deeper than this level, a scar is effected, causing cornea to lose its luster, clarity and transparency.

• Boman's Membrane: is a hard and tough membrane lying beneath the epithelium, protecting the cornea from injury.

• Stroma: is the layer that is responsible for providing the clarity that the cornea is so proudly famous for!

  It's the thickest one lying just beneath the Boman's membrane.

  The Window of The EyeCredit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health

  Collagen fibrils that run parallel to each other through the length of the stroma. This cystalline kind of formation is what imparts the stroma its clarity.

• Endothelium: is the innermost layer that is only one cell thick.

  It pumps water from the cornea, thus keeping it clear.

  But unlike epithelium, this layer is not at all regenerative.

  Hence it requires an extra care to be taken of!

• Descemet's Membrane: is the membrane lying between and separating the stroma and the endothelium.

There are also tiny vessels lying at the outermost edge of the cornea that, along with the aqueous and tear film, provide nourishment to this clear window of the eye.

Now, the cornea doesn't change its shape! The parts of the eye remain as they ever were!

What changed then, when my myopia vanished into thin air within a single moment?

Today, LASIK eye surgery is correcting vision by sculpting cornea with the help of a laser and thus distorting the natural eye anatomy for life, although not a single structure of all the parts of the eye has any role at all to play in spoiling the vision in the first place!

Vision therapy does the needful without even touching the cornea or any of the parts of the eye in order to affect a change in the vision. Rather it is simply done through changing the physiology of the eye which, by going faulty, turns the real culprit as far as the errors of refraction, namely myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism are concerned.

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