The middle coat consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid. In the center of the iris, there is an aperture, called the pupil.
The iris contains pigments determining eye color in the human eye. In the Caucasians and Nordiks, the concentration of the pigment is meager and hence the persons have a blue eye. Likewise there is brown eye, green eye, or an eye color hazel too.
A very important function of the ciliary body is that the ciliary processes secrete the aqueous humor, continuously forming and draining it through the canal of Schlemn (SVS). Blocking of this drainage in the human eye leads to rise of intraocular eye pressure, which is a common symptom of glaucoma.
A clear fluid flows continuously in and out of the anterior chamber and nourishes nearby tissues. The fluid leaves the chamber at the open angle where the cornea and iris meet. When the fluid reaches the angle, it flows through a spongy meshwork and leaves the eye:
Credit: National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health
One of the most important structures of the human eye, called the crystalline lens, is situated in between the iris in front and vitreous humor behind.
Little lateral to the optic disc (the point of exit of the optic nerve) lies the macula. The central part of the macula is called the fovea centralis and is the seat of the most acute vision in the human eye.
Human-Eye Diagram:
Credit: National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health
A perfectly healthy human eye can see only one part of everything it looks at, the best; and all other parts relatively worse than that. Such an eye is said to have the most acute vision through central fixation.
A human eye with any kind of vision problems (which most people have - whether apparent or latent) - loses this central fixation and gets rather economically fixated. The only way out is to get that central fixation back (possible!) through vision therapy.
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