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Optic Nerve

The Brain Extending into The Eye

eyes

The optic nerve, also called the second cranial nerve, carries the electrical impulses of the visual impressions from the retina to the brain.

It is more a brain tissue than a nerve tissue.

It's location is there at the back of the eye, a bit to the side of the macula.

The place where the optic nerve attaches to the eyeball is called the optic disc.

eyes

The optic disc does not have any light receptor cells.

Hence it creates a blind spot over the place where it exactly locates.

If the light rays from an object are focused at that point, it becomes invisible to the eye.

But it generally doesn't get noticed because the other eye keeps the object visible even when the first goes spatially 'blind'!


The Blindspot Test:

(Credit: thinkquest.org)

Blindspot Test


Above are two purple dots.

Stare at one dot and close the other eye.

Using your peripheral vision, look at the other dot.

Slowly move back...

At a certain point, one of the dots will disappear!


In optic nerve atrophy, the tissues of the nerve start dying, affecting vision adversely.

The factors/conditions that may be responsible for the optic nerve atrophy, include:

  • Poor Blood Flow (Ischemic Optic Neuropathy)

  • Shock

  • Toxic Substances, e.g., Methanol (found in home-brewed alcohol)

  • Radiation

  • Trauma

  • Glaucoma

  • Cranial Arteritis

  • Multiple Sclerosis

  • Brain Tumor

  • Stroke

  • Hereditary Optic Nerve Atrophy


Optic Nerve
Optic Nerve
Credit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health


Once optic nerve atrophy has damaged the nerve, it cannot be reversed.

But yes, If the preventive measures are taken, further loss of vision leading to blindness may be prevented.

Vision therapy, through training the eye for central fixation (third eye opening), comes handy for this.

I'll like to reproduce Dr. W.H.Bates' words in this regard here:

"Not only do all errors of refraction and all functional disturbances of the eye disappear when it sees by central fixation, but many organic conditions are relieved or cured."

"I am unable to set any limits to its possibilities."

"I would not have ventured to predict that glaucoma, incipient cataract and syphilitic iritis could be cured by central fixation; but It is a fact that these conditions have disappeared when central fixation was attained."

"Even the optic nerve itself, has been benefited by central fixation after other methods had failed."



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