Retina: The Photo Plate of The Eye

Retina

The Photo Plate of The Eye

The retina is the photographic plate of the camera that the eye is!

It is a sensory tissue lining the back of the eye.

It has more than one layers into it.

Millions and millions of photoreceptors are there in the retina that make the bulk of it.

At times, it is said to be the extension of the brain into the eye through the optic nerve connection. Whatever it is but it is quite a highly sensitive part of the eyeball.

These photoreceptors turn the light rays falling on them into electrical impulses, that then travel along the optic nerve to the brain where they are turned back into visual images again.

The Photo Plate of The Eye Retina

Credit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health

Photoreceptors are of two types:

Cones: There are approximately 6 million cones in the retina.
They are mostly concentrated in the macula that gives the eye its central vision.
They are most densely packed inside the fovea that is the very central portion of the macula.
Cones are the cells that perceive and recognize colors, but for this they need a bright light falling on them.
That is why we can't recognize colors under low light conditions although shapes are still clear to the eyes!
The Macula and The Fovea
Credit: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health

Rods: Rods are much more in number counting to approximately 125 millions, spread all over the peripheral retina!
These rods function best under low light conditions and hence, are responsible for the peripheral and the night vision.

A Normal, Healthy Retina

Credit: National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health

Here is a photograph that shows a normal, healthy retina.

Note how the blood vessels branching from the optic nerve are cascading toward the macula!

A perfectly healthy human eye can see only one part of everything it looks at, the best; and all other parts relatively worse than that. Such an eye is said to have the most acute vision through central fixation.

An eye with any kind of vision problems (which most people have - whether apparent or latent) - loses this central fixation and gets rather economically fixated. The only way out is to get that central fixation back (possible!) through vision therapy.

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RetinaThe Photo Plate of The Eye

Retina

The Photo Plate of The Eye